International container shipping freight rates are the remuneration for maritime cargo transport services made by liner operators, including maritime freight and surcharges. The rates are regulated by the market and are determined by liner operators based on their transport operation costs and supply and demand in the shipping market in accordance with industry practice or international conventions.
Frank Cao
锦天城律师事务所
高级合伙人
Senior Partner
AllBright Law Offices
Maritime shipping surcharges are mainly used to remedy additional costs incurred by the liner company. Under the 1974 United Nations Convention on a Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences, a liner conference may impose surcharges to cover sudden or extraordinary increases in costs or losses of revenue. These are only to be temporary and must be reduced in accordance with improvements in the situation or circumstances, and cancelled as soon as the situation or circumstances cease.
Yet Chinese consignors (cargo owners), now more familiar with liner shipping, are no longer concerned with the amount of the surcharge, but, increasingly, the reasons why they are being imposed.
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Frank Cao is a senior partner and Shang Tao is an associate of AllBright Law Offices in Shanghai
